Screening of endophytic actinomycetes from different indigenous medicinal plants

Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other population (outside its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal materials, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants or other plant materials as active ingredients. Ayurveda, the ancient science of life. New chemical entities are requested in order to enable therapeutic innovation. Combinational chemistry and exploiting structural diversity derived from natural sources contribute to improved lead discovery. In particular low molecular mass natural products from bacterial fungi, plants either from terresteric, or marine environment perform unique structural diversity. The greatest variety of antibiotics is produced by Actinomycetes among all microbes. More than 50% of the known natural antibiotics produced by Actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are a diverse group of heterotrophic prokaryotes forming hyphae at some stage of their growth hence referred to as filamentous prokaryotes. They have different morphological, cultural, biochemical and physiological characters. This group is a potential producer of many enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, growth promoting substances and antibiotics. In our study Collected plant parts like leaves, fruits, twig etc. were first rinsed with sterilized water then plant parts were kept in sterile beaker consists of 70% ethanol for 3-5 min. After that the ethanol sterilized plant parts were kept in beaker consist of Sodium hypochlorite (5%) with tween 20(0.1%) for 5 minutes. At last plant parts were rinsed with sterilized water. The surface sterilized plant parts like leaves, twig, fruits etc. were taken and crushed using sterile pestle and mortar and spread on the different nutritional media like starch Casein agar , Albumin media and YMA media. consisting of antifungal agent Nystatin 50 μg/ ml, by pour plate technique. The plates will be incubated at different temperature upto 7-10 days, for growth of actinomycetes were observed each day and produced actinomycetes colony were purified on the Petri dishes using streak methods on the same media. Total 8 actinomycetes were isolated from different plants on different media.The potent actinomycetes were characterized by morphological and biochemical methods.